NAT1 Alleles in Non-human Eukaryotes

*NAT*1 allele (haplotype)^(a)	*Retired & discontinued NAT* allele^(a)**	Nucleotide change(s)^(b)	Amino acid change(s)^(b)	Organism	Literature
(RABIT)NAT11*	NAT11*	Reference	Reference	Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)	2
(RABIT)NAT12*	NAT12*	None in coding region	None	Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)	3
(MOUSE)Nat11*	NAT16*	Reference	Reference	Mouse (Mus musculus)	4-9^(c)
(MUSSP)Nat12*	Nat130*	642A>G 684G>A 695A>G 699T>C 795T>C	Synonymous Synonymous H232R Synonymous Synonymous	Western wild mouse (Mus spretus)	8^(c)
(MESAU)Nat11*	NAT18*	Reference	Reference	Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)	10-12
(MESAU)Nat12*	NAT19*	60T>C	Synonymous	Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)	11

Footnotes

(a) The gene symbols are assigned according to the official guidelines of the NAT Gene Nomenclature Committee. Previous NAT alleles that did not follow the current convention have been retired and discontinued [1]. The alleles of rodents are written as Nat (first letter uppercase and second and third letter lowercase). The alleles of all other species are all uppercase (e.g. NAT).

(b) The position of SNPs in each ORF is determined relative to the A of the ATG translation initiation codon, which is always considered as number 1. The first methionine of each NAT protein is amino acid number 1, with polymorphic amino acid positions determined accordingly. The reference allele of each NAT1 gene (usually the wild type allele or the first allele identified in a specific organism) is assigned symbol NAT1*1.

(c) Studied western European house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) laboratory strains: i) inbred C57Bl/6J [4,5], Balb/c [6], C3H/HeJ [7], 129/Ola [8], CBA [8], A/J [4,5] and A/HeJ [7], ii) outbred CD1 [9], PO [8] and TO [8]. Also, the wild-derived inbred strains Mus spretus (western wild mouse) and Mus musculus castaneus (southestern Asian house mouse) [8]. All strains, except Mus spretus, carry the wild type allele (MOUSE)Nat1*1 at the Nat1 locus.

For new submissions or enquiries, please contact Dr. Sotiria Boukouvala (sboukouv@mbg.duth.gr).

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Literature

[1] Hein, D.W.; Boukouvala, S.; Grant, D.M.; Minchin, R.F. and Sim, E. (2008) Changes in consensus arylamine N-acetyltransferase gene nomenclature. Pharmacogenet. Genomics 18(4), 367-368.

[2] Blum, M.; Heim, M. and Meyer, U.A. (1990) Nucleotide sequence of rabbit NAT1 encoding monomorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase. Nucl. Acids Res. 18(17), 5287.

[3] Sasaki, Y.; Ohsako, S. and Deguchi, T. (1991) Molecular and genetic analyses of arylamine N-acetyltransferase polymorphism of rabbit liver. J. Biol. Chem. 266(20), 13243-13250.

[4] Martell, K.J.; Vatsis, K.P. and Weber, W.W. (1991) Molecular genetic basis of rapid and slow acetylation in mice. Mol. Pharmacol. 40(2), 218-227.

[5] Martell, K.J.; Levy, G.N. and Weber, W.W. (1992) Cloned mouse N-acetyltransferases: Enzymatic properties of expressed Nat1 and Nat2 gene products. Mol. Pharmacol. 42(2), 265-272.

[6] Kelly, S.L. and Sim, E. (1994) Arylamine N-acetyltransferase in Balb/c mice: identification of a novel mouse isoenzyme by cloning and expression in vitro. Biochem. J. 302(2), 347-353.

[7] Fretland, A.J.; Doll, M.A.; Gray, K.; Feng, Y. and Hein, D.W. (1997) Cloning, expression and recombinant expression of NAT1, NAT2, and NAT3 derived from C3H/HeJ (rapid) and A/HeJ (slow) acetylator inbred mouse: Functional characterization of the activation and deactivation of aromatic amine carcinogens. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 142(2), 360-366.

[8] Boukouvala, S.; Price, N. and Sim, E. (2002) Identification and functional characterization of novel polymorphisms associated with the genes for arylamine N-acetyltransferases in mice. Pharmacogenetics 12(5), 385-394.

[9] Estrada, L.; Kanelakis, K.C.; Levy, G.N. and Weber, W.W. (2000) Tissue- and gender-specific expression of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2*) during development of the outbred mouse strain CD-1. Drug Metab. Dispos. 28(2), 139-146.

[10] Abu-Zeid, M.; Nagata, K.; Miyata, M.; Ozawa, S.; Fukuhara, M.; Yamazoe, Y. and Kato, R. (1991) An arylamine acetyltransferase (AT-1) from Syrian golden hamster liver: Cloning, complete nucleotide sequence and expression in mammalian cells. Mol. Carcinogen. 4(1), 81-88.

[11] Ferguson, R.J., Doll, M.A., Rustan, T.D., Baumstark, B.R. and Hein, D.W. (1994) Syrian hamster monomorphic N-acetyltransferase (NAT1) alleles: Amplification, cloning, sequencing, and expression in E. coli. Pharmacogenetics 4(2), 82-90.

[12] Land, S.J.; Jones, R.E. and King, C.M. (1994) Biochemical and genetic analysis of two acetyltransferases from hamster tissues that can metabolise aromatic amine derivatives. Carcinogenesis 15(8), 1585-1595.

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